@apollon77 awesome advice, I will definitely do that when I run into trouble and/or have something I want to start developing. For now, I have resolved the issue by buying a raspberry PI 4 and installing iobroker into it directly, so not in Docker. That seems to have solved quite a few network issues. I am now realising that mDNS also didn't work properly, I had to manually configure my chromecast in the plugin, now they all appear magically.
What I am seeing is that I apparently had the wrong port. I am now connecting to port 8009, not port 8008 as is the default I found elsewhere. I assume 8008 is probably without encryption and 8009 with encryption. How it can have worked in the first place I am completely puzzled by.
For now, thanks for the assist!